Resources

The primary codes are:

• NFPA 72 – National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code (system design, installation, performance, and testing).
• NFPA 70 (NEC) – Electrical aspects of system installation.
• NFPA 101 – Life Safety Code (occupancy-specific requirements).
• Local codes and amendments also apply and may override national standards.

Requirements depend on occupancy type, size, and use. Examples:

• Group A (Assembly) >300 people: Fire alarm system required.
• Group R-1 (Hotels): Required if 3+ units.
• Group B (Business): Depends on occupant load and egress routes.
• Refer to IBC (International Building Code) and NFPA 101.

• Conventional – Devices are grouped by zones.
• Addressable – Each device has a unique address for pinpointed alarms.
• Hybrid – Combines both features.
• Wireless – Useful in historic or hard-to-wire buildings.

• Control Panel (FACP)
• Initiating Devices (smoke, heat, pull stations)
• Notification Appliances (horns, strobes, speakers)
• Power Supplies (primary & backup)
• Monitoring devices (communicators for remote dispatch)

• Primary power from commercial electricity.
• Secondary (backup) power from batteries or generators (per NFPA 72, minimum 24 hours standby + 5 minutes alarm).